Shroud of Turin Facts Check > Pray Codex
Close up of an image
from the Hungarian Pray Manuscript (The Pray Codex). This drawing from the
early 12th century, well before the carbon 14 date for the Shroud, shows the
herringbone weave and L shaped burn holes like those found on the Shroud.
For additional information see:
Carbon 14 Dating: Bones, Cloth Fibers, Wood
Face on the Shroud as it appears when photographed. This is the negative.
Gum encrusted cotton fiber found only in the carbon 14 sample area and not elsewhere on the cloth.
Close up view of spliced thread in the carbon 14 sample area showing that what was tested was likely a repair and not original cloth.
Photomicrograph, gum is swelling and slowly detaching from the fibers and alizarin mordant lakes can be seen. Yellow dye is in solution. Further evidence of repair.
Phase-contrast microscopy of a single image fiber. Image is a reddish-brown caramel-like complex carbon bond, a chemical change within a super thin coating of crude starch on the fabric's outermost fibers. It is not paint or any kind of applied pigment. It is likely caused by bodily amine vapors reacting with saccharides in the starch.
Threads consisting of twisted bundles of fibers. Shows color in starch coating
This is how the face appears on the cloth.
Second face image recently discovered with image analysis technology. This a a computer enhanced view. It matches the face on the front of the Shroud. The images are doubly-superficial meaning that nothing soaked through.
UV photograph of carbon 14 sample area showing that the sample area is chemically unlike the rest of the cloth